Here’s a startling stat line culled from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) website:
“More than 700,000 people die by suicide every year. For each suicide, there are an estimated 20 suicide attempts.”
That pretty much tells the story. Suicide is a serious public health problem that could get much worse if we ignore it.
So, let’s not ignore it. How? By using every piece of information that helps us identify warning signs. If there’s even a chance, no matter how slim, that knowing something can save a person from suicide, we’ve got to take it.
Across the board, one tool that mental health professionals trust to spot the warning signs of suicide is the acronym “IS PATH WARM.”
In this piece, we’ll explain:
- The meaning of IS PATH WARM
- Those who can benefit from it
- Why it matters
- How to use the acronym correctly
What is “IS PATH WARM”?
“IS PATH WARM” is not a question. It’s a mnemonic device designed to help people remember or identify the warning signs of suicide.
Sometimes, the signs that a person is having suicidal thoughts are so obvious, but the pressures of daily life distract us so much. One of the biggest critiques of “looking for signs” of suicide is the assumption that there are always signs. It is important to remember that some people do not show signs, due to the nuances of depression, intrusive and suicidal thoughts, or even their desire to not express themselves. For instance, if someone is determined to die by suicide, they may not show signs.
Ultimately, the expression of signs or lack thereof depends on the person and their situation.
In situations where signs are being shown, an acronym like IS PATH WARM, you can easily internalize what the warning signs of suicide might look like.
Each letter in the acronym represents a specific warning sign:
IS PATH WARM
I – Ideation
Thoughts and conversations about suicide or death.
S – Substance Abuse
Increased dependence on alcohol or drugs.
P – Purposelessness
Feeling like life has no meaning. Losing interest in everything. Nothing is fun anymore.
A – Anxiety
Excessive worry or agitation. Difficulty sleeping for long stretches.
T – Trapped
Feeling there’s no way out of a situation.
H – Hopelessness
The belief that things things will never improve.
W – Withdrawal
No longer communicating with friends, family, and the general society.
A – Anger
Uncontrolled rage or seeking revenge
R – Recklessness
Engaging in reckless behavior. Doing dangerous activities without thinking.
M – Mood Changes
Dramatic mood changes.
Who can benefit from knowing this acronym?
While primarily used by mental health professionals, understanding “IS PATH WARM?” can be beneficial for those who are at risk of suicide or those in contact with them.
Basically, that’s everyone.
Mental health practitioners
For quick and comprehensive risk assessments
Family members and friends
To recognize potential warning signs in loved ones
Educators and coaches
To identify concerning behavior changes in students and athletes
Employers, supervisors, managers, and colleagues
To promote mental health awareness in the workplace
Community leaders
To foster support networks and raise awareness
Individuals
For self-awareness and personal mental health monitoring
Why is IS PATH WARM important
There are quite a few opinions about IS PATH WARM’s effectiveness (or not). Some have argued that it doesn’t help identify warning signs because it isn’t specific enough.
But there’s proof that it works, maybe not in all cases. It’s a valuable tool for helping to identify suicide warning signs. It can help with:
Early intervention
Recognizing warning signs early can lead to timely help and support.
Facilitating communication
It can provide a framework for discussing sensitive topics.
Empowering individuals
Knowledge equips people to act when they notice concerning signs.
Creating a support network
Widespread awareness can lead to a more supportive community.
How to use IS PATH WARM appropriately
It’s important to approach the use of this tool with sensitivity and care:
Familiarize yourself with the signs
Understand what each letter represents and how it might manifest in behavior.
Observe changes
Notice shifts in behavior or mood in yourself or others.
Initiate conversations
If concerns arise, approach the subject gently and with empathy. That’s the only way to do it right.
Listen actively
Provide a non-judgmental space for individuals to express their feelings.
Offer support
Ensure they know they’re not alone and that help is available.
Recognize limitations
This is an awareness tool, not a diagnostic one. Professional help should be sought for serious concerns.
Scenario for practical application
Consider a scenario where a colleague has recently experienced significant life changes. You’ve noticed they’ve been arriving late to work (potentially indicating Substance Abuse), expressing feelings of being stuck in their job (Trapped), and declining invitations to social events (Withdrawal).
These observations may be enough to trigger a loving, thoughtful conversation with them as you potentially guide them toward professional support and away from suicidal thoughts.
Depression therapist
If you are having thoughts of suicide, there is hope. While it can feel overwhelming, your challenges can be addressed and improved over time.
For immediate assistance, you can call 988 if you are in United States, to talk with someone trained to help you with your situation. If you feel like you are unsafe, going to your nearest hospital or emergency room is another option.
Seeking therapy is also a great way to mitigate these feelings. I’ve worked with many individuals who have been in different points in the spectrum of suicidal thoughts. Schedule a consultation and let’s get started.
